GitLabCICD 入门

很好的课程

1. 编写 .gitlab-ci.yml 文件
   • 创建项目后在项目中有.gitlab-ci.yml提交到gitlab后会自动跑流水线
2. .gitlab-ci.yml 文件案例

   # 自定义的job名称
   helloworld:
   # 执行的脚本命令
      script:
         - echo "hello world,gitlab"
   run_test:
      script:
         - echo "执行单元测试3"
   # 看名字就知道
      before_script:
         - echo "1"
         - echo "2"
   # 看名字就知道
      after_script:
         - echo "4"
   bad_test:
      script:
         - yfd

3. 工作阶段以及依赖性
   • stages 代表阶段如果testing失败了那么deploy也就不执行了
   • 我们看到testing阶段下有2个任务，如果想做到更精确的流程控制增加了needs关键字

       stages:
         - linter
         - testing
         - build
         - deploy
   
       helloworld:
         stage: linter
         script:
           - echo "hello world,gitlab"
       run_test:
         stage: testing
         needs: bad_test
         script:
           - echo "执行单元测试3"
       bad_test:
         stage: testing
         script:
           - yfd
       deploy_dowm:
         stage: deploy
         script:
           - echo "部署完成"

4. 执行外部脚本
   • 执行 ./run.sh脚本
   • chmod +x ./run.sh

      echo "外部文件执行"
      ls -al
       echo "外部文件执行end"

     stages:
        - linter
        - testing
        - build
        - deploy
   
     helloworld:
        stage: linter
        script:
           - echo "hello world,gitlab"
           - chmod +x ./run.sh
           - ./run.sh
     run_test:
        stage: testing
        needs:
           - bad_test
        script:
           - echo "执行单元测试3"
     bad_test:
        stage: testing
        script:
           - yfd
     deploy_dowm:
        stage: deploy
        script:
           - echo "部署完成"

5. 指定分支
   • only except 关键字

      stages:
          - linter
          - testing
          - build
          - deploy
      
      helloworld:
          stage: linter
          script:
              - echo "hello world,gitlab"
              - chmod +x ./run.sh
              - ./run.sh
      run_test:
          stage: testing
          script:
              - echo "执行单元测试3"
      
      build_docker_image:
          stage: build
          only:
              - mian
          script: 
              - echo "构建docker镜像"
      deploy_dowm:
          stage: deploy
          only:
              - main
          script:
              - echo "部署完成"

6. 环境变量
   • 在yml中配置环境变量
   • 还可以在gitlab页面中配置
   • gitlab 中有很多已经定义好的变量 CI_COMMIT_BRANCH CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE 预定义的环境变量

stages:
  - linter
  - testing
  - build
  - deploy
# 全局变量
variables:
  MY_URL: "全局变量"
helloworld:
  # 局部变量只能在当前job下使用
  variables:
    MY_NAME: "YFD"
  stage: linter
  script:
    - echo "hello world,$MY_NAME"

7.使用 workflow: 来确定是否创建流水线

workflow:
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "dev"
    - when: never
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH
    - when: always